As the mining sector strives for sustainability, the focus on off-the-road (OTR) tires has emerged as a critical frontier. Mining machinery must endure immense loads and operate in harsh environments, yet tires often receive little attention despite their pivotal role.
Today's OTR tires are products of advanced research and multimillion-dollar manufacturing processes, representing the pinnacle of tire engineering. The global OTR tire market is valued in the billions and is poised for further growth through the end of the decade. However, the mining industry grapples with challenges related to tire life cycles and premature disposal, particularly when tires are discarded before reaching their full potential.
The Waste Crisis Australia alone discards over 130,000 tonnes of tires each year, while Chile's figure approaches 180,000 tonnes. The pressing question for mining companies revolves around how to manage end-of-life tires sustainably. Improving tire longevity is essential to addressing this issue. Professor Angelica Vivanco and student Israel Mamami from Arturo Prat University in Chile estimate that 90% of OTR tires experience premature failure, primarily due to a focus on productivity over longevity. This assessment, while contentious within the industry, highlights a historical trend that mining companies are now beginning to address.
Strategies for Longevity In response to the issue of premature tire wastage, mining companies are implementing strategies to enhance tire life cycles. These initiatives are supported by advancements in maintenance technologies and material innovations aimed at creating more sustainable products. The day-to-day use of tires significantly impacts their lifespan. Vivanco and Mamami note that various factors—including driver skills, weather conditions, equipment maintenance, and road conditions—affect tire wear. A case study at a Chilean mine revealed that between 2019 and 2021, 48 front-end loader tires and 223 mining truck tires valued at $5.1 million were discarded, with 80% to 90% of these being prematurely disposed of due to operational damage.
Embracing Technology The supply chain can play a vital role in extending the lifespan of mining tires. Christian Erdelyi, manager of mining technology solutions at Kal Tire Mining Tire Group, emphasizes that increased frequency and quality of tire inspections can lead to early identification of issues and greater tire longevity. Kal Tire's TireSight, an autonomous inspection and fleet maintenance solution, caters to the demands of modern, increasingly autonomous mines while promoting safety and efficiency. By employing AI technology, Kal Tire enhances inspection frequency and reduces technician exposure to risks associated with heavy machinery.
Pitcrew AI is another innovative solution, offering real-time, automated tire inspections that can detect critical issues affecting stability, such as heat and uneven loading. A solar-powered unit uses thermal cameras to monitor passing vehicles, sharing data on potential problems to facilitate timely interventions.
Addressing Haul Road Conditions Michelin is also making strides in improving mining tire sustainability, particularly through its haul road management initiatives. The company introduced the Michelin XDR4 Speed Energy™ tire, designed to reduce fuel consumption and lower CO₂ emissions. Michelin Better Haul Road offers continuous monitoring of haul road conditions, enabling mining teams to address issues proactively and efficiently. Maintaining clean, well-conditioned haul roads is essential for reducing tire tread damage and load imbalances. Vivanco and Mamami echo this sentiment, stating that proper tire pressure management is critical for maximizing lifespan, representing a significant opportunity for economic and environmental benefits.
The Path Forward With a growing understanding of factors affecting tire life cycles, the industry is poised to shift away from premature disposal practices. Tire manufacturers are responding to sustainability demands, with Michelin employing Life Cycle Assessment to evaluate the environmental impact of its products. Kal Tire's Maple Programme focuses on extending tire life through retreading and repair solutions.
When tires do reach the end of their useful life, innovative recycling methods are being explored. Kal Tire has turned used tires into alternative fuel and other valuable materials at mines in Chile. These efforts underscore that even at the end of their road, mining tires can still contribute to a more sustainable future.
As the mining industry evolves, a commitment to sustainability and innovative practices will be paramount in improving the lifecycle management of tires and reducing environmental impact.